Whether you're heading to a competition, visiting a different club, or relocating, travelling with firearms in the UK is a serious responsibility. The legal framework surrounding the transport of firearms is detailed and stringent. This guide outlines the key legal requirements, security measures, and best practices to ensure you stay compliant and avoid issues with law enforcement.
Legal Framework
Transporting firearms in the UK is governed primarily by:
- The Firearms Act 1968 (and amendments)
- Home Office guidance on firearms licensing
- Local police force protocols
A firearm certificate (FAC) or shotgun certificate (SGC) holder may transport their firearms and ammunition for lawful purposes such as target shooting, hunting, or maintenance. However, doing so must be done with due care to prevent unauthorised access and ensure public safety.
General Legal Requirements
1. Lawful Purpose: You must have a legitimate reason for transporting firearms. Acceptable purposes include:
- Travelling to or from a shooting range or club
- Attending a competition or event
- Visiting a gunsmith for repairs
2. Certificate and ID: You must carry your original FAC or SGC when transporting firearms. Photocopies are not sufficient. You may also be asked for photo identification by police.
3. Ammunition Restrictions: Ammunition must be transported separately and securely. For FAC holders, you can only carry the calibres listed on your certificate, and only up to the quantity authorised.
4. Secure Transport: Firearms must be transported in a manner that prevents theft or misuse. This includes:
- Using a lockable hard case
- Storing firearms out of sight (e.g., in the boot of a car)
- Removing the bolt, magazine, or another key component if feasible
- Never leaving firearms unattended in a vehicle for long periods
The Home Office specifically advises that firearms should only be left unattended in a vehicle if absolutely necessary, and then only for a short duration. Vehicles should be locked, and firearms concealed in a locked container.
Specific Advice from Home Office Guidance
According to the latest Home Office guidance (as of 2023):
"When travelling with firearms, certificate holders should take all reasonable precautions to ensure the security of the firearms and ammunition during transit."
Further, it adds:
"The vehicle should not be left unattended. If it is absolutely necessary, firearms should be placed in the locked boot, out of sight, with components separated if possible."
Failure to comply could result in:
- Seizure of your firearms
- Revocation of your certificate
- Criminal charges under the Firearms Acts
Practical Tips for Safe and Legal Travel
1. Use Purpose-Built Cases: Invest in a hard-sided lockable case for each firearm. These are available from all reputable firearms retailers and offer enhanced security.
2. Separate Key Components: Removing the bolt or magazine makes the firearm inoperable and adds a layer of safety. Store parts separately within your bag or locked compartments.
3. Plan Your Route: Avoid unnecessary stops. Know your route in advance and plan for breaks in areas with good visibility and security.
4. Keep Documentation Accessible: Store your FAC/SGC somewhere secure but quickly accessible in case you’re stopped by police.
5. Inform Others When Needed: If travelling internationally (e.g., to Northern Ireland or abroad), additional permissions, import/export licences, or prior notifications may be needed. Always check in advance with:
- Your local police force’s firearms licensing unit
- The destination’s firearms authority
Travelling by Public Transport
Generally discouraged and not recommended unless absolutely necessary. Most public transport providers prohibit the carrying of firearms, including on trains, buses, and domestic flights. You must obtain written permission from the operator and comply with strict packaging and carriage conditions.
Travelling with Airguns
Although airguns under 12 ft/lbs (rifles) or 6 ft/lbs (pistols) do not require an FAC, they are still classified as firearms under UK law. You must:
- Transport them securely and out of public view
- Avoid carrying in public without good reason
Carrying an airgun openly in public can lead to arrest and prosecution under the Firearms Act.
Flying with Firearms
When flying with firearms (e.g., to the Channel Islands or abroad), you must:
- Declare the firearm and ammunition at check-in
- Ensure the airline accepts firearms (not all do)
- Follow airport-specific security requirements
- Obtain an export licence from the Home Office if leaving the UK
Final Checklist Before You Travel
Summary
Travelling with firearms in the UK is perfectly legal when done correctly, but it demands a cautious and informed approach. By following the guidance from the Home Office and planning ahead, you can ensure safe, legal, and uneventful journeys.
Always double-check local laws, especially if crossing regional boundaries or involving air travel, and when in doubt—ask your licensing officer for advice.